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FEATURE | THE AI FUTURE
are well over a dozen AI products for law firms (Harvey, Diligen, Relativity, Epiq, Mitratech, DISCO, Smokeball, Lexion, Lex Machina, Clio, Evisort, Axiom, Casetext, Everlaw). In healthcare, Abridge, Babla, Glass and Nuance are competing to help doctors take better clinical notes and make diagnoses. In these cases, AI is folded into a branded product and trained for an industry pur- pose, enabling stronger, professional functionality within a fixed scope.
Enterprise Large Language Models (LLMs)
For white-label solutions, AI com- panies offer application programming interfaces that allow corporations to privately and securely build AI that integrates with troves of proprietary documents and data. When a company connects the power of an AI language model to corporate IP, whether through explicit training or simply access to data, it’s called an enterprise LLM.
In 2023, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) committed $1 billion to incor- porate an enterprise LLM into its cor- porate knowledge base. Its goal is to provide thousands of PwC employees with the world’s savviest assistant, able to conversationally mine PwC’s tax, legal and HR corporate database.
Unlike ChatGPT, this enterprise model can cite its work, find connec- tions across stores of documents, and add value, as if it were a super-intern who never tires, and scans 100,000 files as easily as a spreadsheet can sum two cells.
If you’d like to learn more, PwC is working with a company called Har vey.ai, as are law firms like Allen & Overy. LexisNexis has partnered with An- thropic, whose ChatGPT competitor is branded Claude. Walmart has built an LLM “playground” for employees as well as an enterprise LLM branded “My Assistant” for 50,000 U.S. non-store em- ployees. The goal is to “free them from monotonous, repetitive tasks, allowing
more time and focus for the customer experience.” McKinsey built an LLM branded “Lili,” which can conversa- tionally search “40 curated knowledge sources, containing more than 100,000 documents and interview transcripts containing both internal and third- party content” to help associates match clients with experts across 70 countries. Associates refer to Lili as a “thought sparring partner” to help them prepare for presentations.
A Game of Champion v. Challenger
Expect a “champion v. challenger” relationship between humans and AI. In each domain, humans fight for sta- tus as best in class, as computers chip awayatthetitle.
Chess is an example where humans have been roundly defeated by Stock- fish AI. Yet, this led to a chess renais- sance, stronger players, interactive tu- tors, and competition of all levels on our phones. New technology starts as magic and becomes engineering.
Once AI can beat the median hu- man expert in any given task, the game changes. In 2023, GPT-4 was tested using questions that were not part of its training. LifeArchitect.ai published data showing that as of March 2023 (ages ago), GPT-4 beat the average human expert at psychology (100 to 84), biology (99.5 to 50), SAT (94 to 50), grade school math (92 to 50), law (90 to 50), sommelier theory (77 to 50), economics (66 to 30), quantum computing (74 to 73), medicine (75 to 50), AI IQ (86 to 35), and inference (96 to 95).
AI can detect cancer and predict earthquakes earlier than humans. Giv- en multimodality, AI can go one step further than an algorithm, and discuss why and how, at whatever level of ex- pertise we choose to engage. “Explain it to me like I’m a child” is a viable choice, as is “explain it like I’m a law professor.”
The Future of Interfaces
“The ‘content’ of any medium is always another medium. The content of writing is speech, just as the writ- ten word is the content of print, and print is the content of the telegraph.” – Marshall McLuhan, 1964
Each new medium both contains and can emulate the medium it replac- es. The internet contains and emulates film, radio, television, publishing and retail. The content of AI will include... the internet.
Websites, as we know them, are dis- appearing. Type the letters “weat” into search, and Google will fill in “weath- er”, the city you are in, and the current temperature. By typing just four letters, you have your answer. This means fewer trips to the Weather Channel’s page.
Language models communicate through conversations, and if we gather and refine information through dialog, we’re not visiting websites. If we need to see, hear or watch something, the agent can deliver it.
Bill Gates predicted agents in 1995. In the November 2023 edition of “Gates Notes,” Gates reiterates, “You won’t have different apps for different tasks. You’ll simply tell your device, in everyday language, what you want to do... Agents are not only going to change how everyone interacts with computers. They’re going to upend the software industry.”
We’ll be able to speak to our com- puter. OpenAI’s real-time speech-to- text tool, called Whisper, is natively in- tegrated into ChatGPT and operates at 99% accuracy. There’s no need to say, “new line,” “comma,” or “period.”
HeyGen takes a video of an English speaker, clones their voice, transcribes their speech, translates it into several languages, records new cloned audio using the intonation and inflections of the original speaker, and then matches the speaker’s lips and breathing to the new language — in minutes.
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