Page 5 - Italian American Herald - April 2022

ITALIAN-AMERICAN HERALD
FROM THE COVER
APRIL2022 | ITALIANAMERICANHERALD.COM 5
portrayals of the world and people around them.
The Renaissance gave the world the ideas and arts from Italians who live on through their works to this day. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Sandro Botticelli, Tintoretto, Masaccio, Domenico Ghirlandaio, Andrea del Verocchio, Galileo Galilei, Dante Aligheri, Niccolò Machiavelli and Giovanni Boccaccio are just a few who made major contributions to Italian society and the world during this time.
Leonardo da Vinci was the ideal Renaissance man, the greatest Universal Genius, who, among other things, was a painter, mathe- matician, engineer, architect, botanist, sculptor and anatomist. Da Vinci is one of the greatest painters in history. Lorenzo de’ Medici is perhaps the most famous and enthusiastic patron of the Renaissance. Francesco Petrarca, known as Petrarch, led the resurgence of learning based on classical sources. He described the preceding 900 years, as “dark,” for he saw it as a time where humans didn’t realize their potential. He is considered by many to be the “Father of the Renaissance.” Raphael was perhaps the most popular painter during the Renaissance.
However, while the Renaissance was reviving the cultural grandeur of its Roman
past, foreign powers vied for control of the peninsula. France invaded northern areas of Italy in 1494 and Spain soon followed suit. Austria was another power which attempted to dominate some northern areas. Spain prevailed in its war against France to control Italy and with the peace of Cateau-Cambrésis, directly and indirectly ensured authority over most of the Italian states.
The war between Spain and France lasted a long time. Between 1494 and 1553 Spain, France and Austria continued to maintain influence over different areas of Italy as the renaissance flourished.
At the end of the wars, Italy
split between viceroyalties of the
Spanish Habsburgs in the south
and formal fiefs of the Austrian
Habsburgs in the north. The
most significant Italian power left
was the Papacy in central Italy,
as it maintained major cultural and political influence during the Catholic Reformation.
Attempts to dominate different regions of the peninsula after this period finally ended in 1861 when King Victor Emmanuel II of
Galilelo Galilei is credited with the discovery of the four major satellites of the planet Jupiter. They are named Galilean moons in his honor.
Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy. While foreign powers rule did reshape
the political and geographical features of Italy it did not diminish the accomplishments of Italian artists, scientists and philosophers
who created a new world. Renaissance
ideas soon spread beyond Italy to northern Europe by means of trade, travel, and printed material, influencing the art and ideas of
the north. IAH
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